Handrail Calculation
Professional handrail calculation tool for stair design and construction. Calculate handrail length, angle, height, bracket spacing, and material requirements with building code compliance.
⚠️ BUILDING CODE & SAFETY NOTICE
Handrail construction must comply with local building codes. Verify all calculations with local authorities. Ensure proper structural support and load-bearing capacity. Professional inspection may be required for commercial installations.
Stair Specifications
Stair Type
Basic Dimensions
Handrail Specifications
Calculation Results
Enter stair specifications to calculate handrail dimensions, angles, and material requirements for your project.
Building Code Requirements
Handrails must be 34-38 inches high, with graspable profiles. Maximum 4.5" gap between balusters for safety compliance.
Stair Angle Calculation
Optimal stair angle is 30-40 degrees. Rise/run ratio should be 7-8 inches rise to 10-11 inches run for comfort.
Bracket Spacing
Support brackets should be spaced maximum 8 feet apart for wood handrails, 6 feet for heavy materials.
Load Requirements
Handrails must withstand 200 lbs concentrated load and 50 lbs per linear foot distributed load per building codes.
Graspable Profiles
Handrail cross-section must allow full grip. Round profiles 1.25-2" diameter, rectangular max 2.25" width.
Installation Tips
Use proper fasteners for wall type. Ensure continuous handrail without interruptions for safety and code compliance.
Frequently Asked Questions
Standard handrail height is 34-38 inches (864-965mm) measured vertically from the stair nosing. For residential stairs, 36 inches is most common. Commercial buildings may require 42 inches for guardrails.
Handrail length equals the hypotenuse of the stair triangle: √(total rise² + total run²). Add extensions at top and bottom as required by local codes, typically 12 inches minimum.
Maximum bracket spacing is 8 feet for wood handrails, 6 feet for heavier materials. Place brackets within 12 inches of joints and direction changes. Use appropriate fasteners for wall construction type.
Yes. Residential handrails are typically 34-38" high with 200 lb load requirement. Commercial handrails may be 42" high with higher load requirements. Always check local building codes for specific requirements.
Graspable profiles allow full hand closure around the rail. Round profiles should be 1.25-2" diameter. Rectangular profiles maximum 2.25" width with rounded edges. Avoid profiles that prevent proper grip.
Stairs 44" wide or wider require handrails on both sides. Narrower residential stairs need one handrail. Commercial stairs typically require handrails on both sides regardless of width. Check local codes for specific requirements.